Quantum Computing & AI

Author(s): Surya Maddula

Originally published on Towards AI.

Quantum Computing

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Quantum Computing and AI are both Monstrous & Powerful technologies and AI is likely to require Quantum Computing to achieve noteworthy progress. Although AI produces functional applications with classical computers, it is limited by the computational capabilities of classical computers. Quantum Computing can provide a computation boost to AI, enabling it to tackle more complex problems and help improve AGI (Artificial General Intelligence, more on that Here)

The Quantum in “Quantum Computing” refers to the Quantum Mechanics that the system uses to calculate the Outputs. As in physics, a Quantum is the smallest most discrete unit of any physical property. It usually refers to the likes of electrons, photons, neutrinos, etc.

What is Quantum Computing?

Quantum Computing is an area of Computing focused on developing computer technology based on the principles of Quantum Theory (which explains the behavior of energy and material on the atomic and subatomic levels).

It is the study of how to use phenomena in Quantum Physics to create new ways of computing.

Computers used today can only encode information in bits that take the value of 1 or 0 — restricting their ability.

Whereas Quantum Computing uses Quantum-Bits or qubits. (A qubit is the basic unit of information in Quantum Computing). It harnesses the unique ability of subatomic particles that allows them to exist in more than one state (i.e., a 1 and a 0 at the same time).

Merits of Quantum AI

• Less Error-prone & more powerful Quantum Computing Systems.
• Widely adopted open-source modeling & training frameworks.
• Substantial & Skilled Developer Ecosystem.
• Compelling AI Applications for which Quantum Computing outperforms Classical Computing.

Why is Quantum AI Important?

Source: AI Multiple

Although AI has made rapid progress over the past decade, it has not yet overcome technological limitations. With the unique features of Quantum Computing, obstacles to achieving AGI (Artificial General Intelligence) can be eliminated.

Quantum Computing can be used for the rapid training of ML models and to create optimized algorithms. An optimized and stable AI provided by Quantum Computing can complete years of analysis in a brief time and lead to advances in technology.

Neuromorphic Cognitive Models, adaptive ML, or reasoning under uncertainty are some fundamental challenges of today’s AI. Quantum AI is one of the solutions for next-generation future AI.

Applications of Quantum Computing in AI

• Quantum Game Theory: Classical game theory is a process of modeling that is widely used in AI applications. The extension of this theory to the quantum field is the quantum game theory. It can be a promising tool for overcoming critical problems in quantum communication and the implementation of quantum artificial intelligence.
• Quantum Algorithms for Decision Problems: Classical decision problems are formulated in terms of decision trees. A method to reach the set of solutions is by creating branches from certain points. However, when each problem is too complex to be solved by constantly dividing it into two, the efficiency of this method decreases. Quantum algorithms based on Hamiltonian time evolution can solve problems represented by a number of decision trees faster than random walks.
• Quantum Algorithms for Learning: Development of quantum algorithms for quantum generalizations of classical learning models. It can provide speed-ups or other improvements in the deep learning training process. The contribution of quantum computing to classical machine learning can be achieved by quickly presenting the optimal solution set of the weights of artificial neural networks.
• Quantum Search: Most search algorithms are designed for classical computing. Classical computing outperforms humans in search problems. On the other hand, Lov Grover provided his Grover algorithm and stated that quantum computers can solve this problem even faster than classical computers. AI-powered by quantum computing can be promising for near-term applications such as encryption.

Redirections for Further Research

Introduction to Quantum Computing by Microsoft Azure.

Is Quantum Computing the future of AI? by Datanami

Quantum Computing. by Investopedia

Google Quantum AI

Thanks for Reading, Happy Learning!

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Published via Towards AI