How I Built a Chatbot Without APIs, GPUs, or Money (Part 2)
Author(s): Asif Khan Originally published on Towards AI. In Part 1, we built a complete backend for a document-based chatbot using local tools.Before jumping into the frontend, it’s important to verify that the backend behaves correctly. Instead of guessing, we’ll first test …
Production RAG: The Chunking, Retrieval, and Evaluation Strategies That Actually Work
Author(s): Ayoub Nainia Originally published on Towards AI. RAG isn’t a retrieval problem, it’s a system design problem. The sooner you start treating it like one, the sooner it will stop breaking. If you’ve built your first RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) system, you’ve …
Observability & Evaluation in LLMs and Agentic Systems
Author(s): Murugeswari Muthurajan Originally published on Towards AI. Large Language Models and AI agents are no longer experimental tools. They power chatbots, customer support systems and even decision-making pipelines. With just a prompt these LLM can understand input, reason over provided context, …
Last Week in AI: Gemini 3 Flash & GPT-5.2 Arrive, Agentic AI Hits $60M, DeepSomatic Cracks Cancer (Dec 22–28, 2025)
Author(s): AIversity Originally published on Towards AI. Your weekly breakdown of what actually mattered in artificial intelligence without the noise. It’s the final week of December 2025, and while many are winding down for the holidays, the AI world is doing the …
Chatbot Implementation Using LangGraph
Author(s): Rashmi Originally published on Towards AI. LangGraph A LangGraph chatbot is best understood as: Chatbot = (State) + (Transitions) + (Node behaviors)This article explains the concepts and design principles of implementing a LangGraph chatbot, emphasizing the importance of structure, state management, …
SQL for Data Analysts:
Author(s): Gitanjali Originally published on Towards AI. SQL powers most data analyst roles today. If you work with data, chances are you will spend a large part of your day writing SQL queries. SQL allows you to work directly with data stored …
From Compliance to Care
Author(s): Dr. Vasileios Ioannidis Originally published on Towards AI. Global AI Regulations How Software Becomes Law Modern HR platforms do more than process payroll or store data. They observe how employees behave, infer intentions and gently push them toward certain choices. Across …
AI Agents in Production: What Actually Works (Based on 300+ Deployments)
Author(s): Artem Shelamanov Originally published on Towards AI. As 2025 comes to an end, everyone wants to wrap themselves in cozy blankets, stare at the Christmas tree, and relax with a mug of hot cocoa. Instead, many data scientists are working overtime …
Hybrid Search Demystified: How to Combine Vector and Keyword Search Like a Pro
Author(s): Alok Choudhary Originally published on Towards AI. A complete breakdown of hybrid search architecture, reciprocal rank fusion, and graph knowledge search for developers. When we build RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) applications, the way we search and retrieve information makes a huge difference …
Beyond Vectors: A Deep Dive into Modern Search in Qdrant
Author(s): Ashish Abraham Originally published on Towards AI. Image by Author Years back, I read a book called “I Thought I Knew How to Google”. It showed numerous ways in which we can write Google queries with operators like AND, NOT, quotation …
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